Long-Fiber Needle-Punched Geotextile: Made from polymer (mainly polyester) chips, which are melted, metered, extruded through a spinneret, and then stretched to form continuous long fibers (theoretically infinite in length). These fibers are then needle-punched and reinforced after oriented or random web formation.

Short-Fiber Needle-Punched Geotextile: Typically made from recycled polyester materials or virgin polyester cut into fixed-length short fibers (usually 40-100mm). These fibers are opened, mixed, carded into a web, and then needle-punched and reinforced.

Mechanical Properties and Structural Stability:

Long-Fiber Geotextile: Due to the continuous fibers, a complete and stable three-dimensional network structure is formed within the fabric. Its tensile strength, tear strength, bursting strength, and creep performance are significantly better than short-fiber geotextiles of the same basis weight, and it exhibits better isotropy and more predictable mechanical behavior. It has high structural stability under long-term loads.

Short-Fiber Geotextile: Its strength depends on the friction and entanglement between short fibers; it is a friction-type material. In the initial stage of stress, fiber rearrangement occurs, resulting in a lower initial modulus. Under long-term loads, the structure is prone to adjustment, leading to a relatively higher risk of strength and deformation performance degradation.

Hydraulic Properties (Filtration/Drainage)

Long-fiber geotextiles: Pore size distribution is more uniform, continuous, and stable. Under long-term pressure and water flow, the pore structure maintains good integrity, providing more durable and reliable filtration, and superior anti-clogging performance.

Short-fiber geotextiles: Pore uniformity is relatively poor. Under pressure, the fiber web may reorganize, resulting in lower long-term stability of hydraulic parameters (such as permeability coefficient and characteristic pore size) compared to long-fiber geotextiles.

Durability and Environmental Adaptability

Long-fiber geotextiles: Typically use high-quality virgin raw materials, with uniformly distributed additives (such as UV stabilizers and anti-aging agents). Their continuous structure more effectively resists UV radiation, chemical and biological erosion, resulting in a longer design service life.

Short-fiber geotextiles: Raw material sources may be complex, making performance consistency control more difficult. Short fibers have many ends, making them more susceptible to invasion by external factors, thus limiting their durability.